聚环氧氯丙烷胺的合成及其在荷电镶嵌膜中的应用

Preparation of polyepichlorohydrin amine and its application to the charged mosaic membrane

以环氧氯丙烷、二甲胺、乙二胺为原料制备荷正电的高分子材料聚环氧氯丙烷胺。红外光谱分析表明聚环氧氯丙烷胺含有季铵盐基团,可以作为荷正电剂使用。实验以聚环氧氯丙烷胺及2,5-二胺基苯磺酸的混合水溶液为无机相,三酰氯的正己烷溶液为有机相,在聚醚砜超滤基膜上,通过界面聚合制备了一种新型复合荷电镶嵌膜。由图谱可以确定,2,5-二胺基苯磺酸与三酰氯的界面聚合产物是一种带有阳离子交换基团磺酸基团的芳香族聚酰胺类物质;同时由于膜制备过程中荷正电材料聚环氧氯丙烷胺的加入,使得膜的表层带有阴离子交换基团。复合膜由于带有阴阳离子交换基团而具有荷电镶嵌膜的特征。

Epichlorohydrin, dimethylamine and ethylenediamine have been used as raw material to prepare high molecular material, polyepichlorohydrin amine which has positive charges. IR spectrum of polyepichlorohydrin amine shows that it is a kind of polymer of quaternary ammonium salt which can be used as positive charged agent. The mixed aqueous solution of polyepichlorohydrin amine and 2,5-diaminobenzene sulphonic acid （DIA） is inorganic phase, and trimesoyl chloride （TMC） is organic phase. On the polyethersulfone ultra-filtration membrane, through interfacial polymerization （IP） technique a new type of composite charged mosaic membrane is prepared. IR spectrum of the IP product shows that it is a type of polyamide with cation exchange elements（sulphonic acid group）. Meanwhile, owing to the adding of polyepichlorohydrin amine in the process of membrane preparation, the surface layer of the membrane, therefore, has anion exchange elements. With both anionic and cationic ion exchange elements, the composite membrane has the characteristic of charged mosaic membrane.