不同形状和材料的鱼礁模型对短蛸诱集效果的初步研究

The Attractive Effects of Artificial Reef Models with Different Shapes and Materials on Octopus ocellatus

采用鱼类行为学方法,观测了短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)对同为PVC材质的3种形状的有孔和无孔模型礁以及对同为管状的3种不同材料的单体和叠加模型礁的行为反应,并对各组内模型礁的诱集效果进行了比较。实验结果表明:未投放模型礁条件下短蛸在水槽四角分布率较高,在鱼礁标志区分布率只有0.5%;PVC材质3种形状的模型礁放入后对短蛸的聚集率均在10%以上,其中内部空间最大的正方体模型礁聚集率最大,每种形状的模型礁中有孔模型礁聚集率高于无孔;3种不同材料的管状模型礁放入后诱集效果均较明显,其中陶瓷材质的管状模型礁效果最好,每种材料的模型礁中3单体叠加后的组合礁聚集率明显高于单体,其中叠加后的陶瓷模型礁对短蛸的聚集率达到39.3%;研究发现短蛸的领域行为对鱼礁模型的诱集效果影响较大。

The behavioral response of Octopus ocellatus to three PVC material artificial reef models with different shapes and three tubular artificial reef models with different materials were studied in a flume. The attractive effects of the reefs on Octopus ocellatus were analysed. The results showed that Octopus ocellatus had a higher distribution in the corner of the flume when there was no reef model, the distribution rate of the marked area was 0.5 %. When the three shapes of PVC material reef models were put in, the attractive rate of each of them was above 10%, with the cubical reef model having the highest rate. For the shape of the model each attractive rate of the apertured reef model was always higher than the imperforate. The attractive effects were obvious when the three tubular reef models with different materials were put in, among them the earthenware pipe had the highest attractive rate. The attractive effects of the superposed reef models were better than the singles distinctly, among them the superposed earthenware pipe had the highest attractive rate at 39.3 %. The research showed that Octopus ocellatus had strong territorial behavior during the experiment, which may influence the attractive effects of the artificial reef models.