我国中小学生上下学交通方式分析

Modes of transportation to and from school in Chinese elementary and secondary students

目的分析我国中小学生上下学交通方式,为制定相应干预措施提供基础资料。方法利用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查的数据,对我国中小学生上下学交通情况进行分析。采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,由经过培训的调查员采用面对面询问方式进行资料收集,调查问卷为《一年回顾性身体活动调查表》中交通方式部分,内容包括中小学生上下学采取的交通方式和平均每天上下学时间。结果共11113名中小学生完成了调查表,其中男生5878人,女生5235人。中小学生上下学的主要交通方式是步行,占73.4%(8152人),其次为骑车、坐车及多种交通方式,分别为15.1%(1682人)、6.1%(674人)和5.4%(605人)。小学生、农村学生、低收入家庭学生以步行交通方式为主,初中生、高中生/中专生、城市学生采取步行和骑车交通方式的比例均较高。中小学生平均每天上下学的时间:步行为36.5±27.0分钟,骑车为43.5±28.6分钟,坐车为43.2±34.5分钟。初中生、高中生/中专生骑车上下学时间较长,农村学生和低收入家庭学生步行和骑车时间均较长,高中生/中专生、城市学生坐车上下学时间较长。结论我国中小学生步行和骑车上下学比例较高,年龄、地区和家庭收入影响中小学生的交通模式。

Objective To describe the prevalence of modes of transportation to and from school in Chinese elementary and secondary students, and to identify correlates for developing intervention strategies. The data of 2002 China Nutrition and Health Survey were used. The data were collected by qualified investigator in face-toface interview with multi-stage, stratified and cluster sampling. Questionnaire was conducted to collect the data about the mode of transportation and time spending in the travelling to and from school. Results 11 113 students, including 5878 boys and 5235 girls were investigated. The main transportation of students was walking, accounted for 73.4%, cycling, taking bus/driven by car or bike and using multiple modes of transportation accounted for 15.1%, 6. 1% and 5.4% respectively. Students in lower grades, at rural area, and with lower family income had higher prevalence in walking or cycling to and from school. Students who walked, cycled and taking bus/driven by car or bike to and from school spent 36. 5 min/d on walking, 43.5 min/d on cycling, and 43.2 rain on taking bus or being driven by car or bike for transportation, respectively. The time on walking in students at junior schools, on cycling in students at junior and high schools was higher. Rural-dwelling students and lower family income of students were higher likely to walk or cycle to and from school. Conclusion The percentage of students walking and cycling to and from school is high and the mode of transportation. factors influence the mode of transportation.