5种人群结核病知识、信念、行为的现况调查

Investigation on knowledge,belief and behavior of tuberculosis among 5 target population

目的了解深圳市南山区现阶段不同目标人群(肺结核患者、社区居民、小学生、中学生、教师、外来劳务工、非结核专业医务人员)结核病知识、信念和行为现状。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法对目标人群进行肺结核防治知识、信念和行为的现况调查。结果肺结核患者治疗前和治疗二月末总知晓率分别为62.8%和88.4%,社区居民、小学生、中学生、教师、外来劳务工、非结核专业医务人员的总知晓率分别达78.9%、51.5%、51.0%、81.3%、64.7%和97.9%;单项知识知晓率差距较大;影响知晓率的主要因素是文化程度;77.4%肺结核患者有战胜疾病的信心,81.7%的患者了解房间通风可以预防结核病,但选择与周围肺结核患者减少来往的占了89.6%。结论通过社会动员和实施健康教育及健康促进策略,协调政府卫生、教育、财政、劳动等相关部门共同承担结核病防控的社会责任,共同开展广泛深入的传播活动。

Objective To master the current situation of knowledge, attitude and behavior （KAB） of tuberculosis among tuberculosis patients, residents, pupils, middle school students, teachers, labors and non-tuberculosis medical professionals in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City. Methods A cross-section study by cluster sampling on KAB was conducted among those populations. Results The awareness rate of total knowledge items among the TB patients before treatment and at the end of 2-month treatment were 62. 8% and 88.4%. Among residents, pupils, students, labors and non-tu- berculosis medical staff, the total awareness rates were 78.9% , 51.5% , 51.0% , 81.3%, 64. 7% and 97.9% respectively. About individual knowledge items, there were large discrepancies in the correct rate among different populations, and the major impact factor on knowledge was education level. 77.4% of the tuberculosis patients had the confidence to overcome the disease. Though 81.7% of the patients knew that room ventilation could prevent tuberculosis transmission, 89. 6% of them considered reducing contact with the tuberculosis patient around. Conclusion Through implementing the strategies of social mobilization, health education and health promotion, and coordinating government departments of health, education, fiscal, labor and other relevant to be responsible of TB prevention and control, jointly carry out the extensive and in-depth transmission activities.