汶川地震中耿达乡抗震救灾官兵焦虑和抑郁状态的调查分析

The study on anxiety and depression of the anti-seismic servicemen in Gengda Town after the Wenchuan earthquake

目的探讨汶川地震事件对抗震救灾一线部队官兵心理健康状况的影响。方法从耿达乡抗震救灾一线部队整群抽取抢险组、交通保障组、灾后重建组共107名官兵,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行心理评测,将结果与中国军人常模进行比较。结果抗震救灾一线部队官兵SAS总粗分29.33±5.98分低于中国军人常模29.78±10.07分,但差异不具有统计学意义;SDS总粗分为35.15±7.65分,明显高于中国军人常模33.46±8.55分,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.469,P<0.05);SAS标准分>50有6例(5.9%),SDS标准分>53有18例(17.8%);不同任务性质和年龄的抗震救灾一线部队官兵SAS总粗分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论耿达乡抗震救灾一线部队官兵抑郁症状明显,焦虑症状相对较轻,应适时普及心理常识,及时采取干预措施,保障官兵心理健康。

Objective To investigate the mental health situation of anti-seismic servicemen and its influential factors. Methods A sample of 107 participants was obtained by cluster sampling method. They did relief work at Gengda Town and were responsible for urgent salvage, transportation facility repairment, or reconstruction. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） were used to do the assessment on mental health. The results were compared to the normal standard of Chinese officers and soldiers. Results In SAS, the general average score （29. 33 ± 5.98） was lower than that of the average soldiers （29.78 ± 10. 07）, but there was no statistical significance. In SDS, the general average score （35.15 ± 7.65 ） was significantly higher than that of the average soldiers （33.46 ± 8. 55 ） （t = 2. 469, P 〈0. 05 ）. Six participants （5.9%） had a score greater than the standard score of 50 in SAS, and eighteen had a score greater than the standard score of 53 in SDS （ 17. 8% ）. The scores of SAS were different for different groups who were taking different missions （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The anti-seismic servicemen in Gengda Town showed a certain level of depression, but slight symptoms on anxiety. The delivery of basic mental health knowledge and intervention should be implemented to ensure their mental health.