脉冲磁场对松褐天牛幼虫存活和发育的影响

Effect of pulsed magnetic field on the survival and growth of the larva of Monochamus alternatus

通过不同的脉冲磁场处理,观察了磁场对松褐天牛(Monochamus alternatus)幼虫存活和发育的影响,探讨了脉冲磁场处理下松褐天牛幼虫在活力、生长发育、细胞膜透性和纤维素酶活性的动态变化。结果表明:(1)脉冲磁场在一定程度上可杀死松褐天牛幼虫,脉冲前沿宽度是影响松褐天牛生存的主要因子,5ms(磁场峰值3180Gs)脉冲前沿宽度处理松褐天牛幼虫的平均校正死亡率为63%,脉冲前沿宽度越大,松褐天牛幼虫校正死亡率越高;(2)松褐天牛受到脉冲磁场作用后,幼虫出现畸形而不能正常化蛹,出现滞育现象,不能正常进入下一个生活周期。化蛹所需平均时间延长;(3)脉冲磁场可破坏松褐天牛幼虫的细胞膜结构,细胞内部分电解质外渗,脉冲前沿宽度是主要影响因子,脉冲前沿宽度越大,松褐天牛幼虫相对电导率越高;(4)脉冲磁场作用后,松褐天牛幼虫纤维素酶活性降低,脉冲前沿宽度越大,脉冲串个数越多,纤维素酶活性越低,C1酶降低程度最大。

With different pulsed magnetic field processing, the effect of magnetic field on the survival and growth of Monochamus alternatus larva were observed. After the magnetic field processing, the dynamic change of the larva of M. alternatus with regard to the activity, growth, membrane permeability and cellulosic enzyme activity were discussed. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） After treated with pulsed magnetic field, the larva of M. alternatus could be killed to some extent and pulse rise time was the main factor that influenced the survival of M. alternatus. When 5ms （magnetic peak 3 180 Gs） pulse rise time treated the M. alternatus larva, the average corrected mortality could reach to 63%. The greater the pulse rise time, the higher corrected mortality of M. alternatus larva would be. （2）When subjected to pulsed magnetic field, the larva of M. atternatus would become deformed such that it could not pupate as usual ; it would suffer diapause phenomenon and could not enter next life cycle normally or the average time needed to pupate increased. （3）Pulsed magnetic field could destroy the cell membrane structure of the larva of M. alternatus, causing a part of electrolyte in the cell to leak out. The effect of the pulsed magnetic field on the membrane permeability of M. alternatus was assessed with relative conductivity and it was found that pulse rise time was the main impact factor, the greater the pulse rise time, the higher relative conductivity of M. alternatus larva would be. （ 4 ） After the treatment of pulsed magnetic field, the cellulosic enzyme activity of M. alternatus larva would be degraded and the greater the pulse rise time and the more the pulse train number, the lower the cellulosic enzyme activity would be, with C1 enzyme activity lowered most.