奶牛乳腺炎金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗研究进展

Progress on Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine against Mastitis in Dairy Cows

奶牛乳腺炎是由多种因素引起的严重影响奶牛业发展的重要疾病,金黄色葡萄球菌是引起奶牛乳腺炎的主要病原,至今还没有有效的方法预防金黄色葡萄球菌所致的乳腺炎。虽然已经研制了许多金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗,但是试验表明,这些疫苗的免疫效果并不理想,因此仍将继续搜索有效疫苗。目前,亚单位疫苗和DNA疫苗成为研究热点,研究集中在金黄色葡萄球菌的表面抗原上。利用金黄色葡萄球菌分泌的免疫原性蛋白而制成的疫苗可能具有高免疫效力,这些抗原将成为高效疫苗的候选者。同时,应用低毒的金黄色葡萄球菌突变株,也可能成为预防乳房炎的一种新工具。

Cow mastitis, an important disease that affects cow development, is caused by many factors. Staphylococcus aureus is the most important etiological agent of cow mastitis. Unfortunatelly, there are no ways to solve the problems thoroughly at present. A number of approaches can be used to develop effective Staphylococcus aureus vaccines. However, the current evidence suggests that its effectiveness is not complete, and the search for more effective vaccines should continue. Nowaday, It is hot to investigate subunit vaccines and new generation DNA vaccines. The investigators concentrate on their study with surface antigens of Staphylococcus aureus. Vaccines derived from these antigens would presumably be highly immunogenic and effective, and these antigens are therefore vaccine candidates. Meanwhile, exploreing new methods for prevention of mastitis by attenuated mutant of Staphylococcus aureus is the tendency in the future.