同为周后:吴、晋国家关系的源头爬梳——春秋时期吴、晋国家关系论述之一

Both Being the Posterity of Zhou Dynasty:the Combing of Relational Source between Wu and Jin kingdoms——One ofthe Discussions about the Relationship between Wu and Jin Kingdoms during the Spring and Autumn Period

晋文公称霸中原之时,周天子周襄王称他为"叔父"。这一称谓是依据周襄王的先祖周成王与晋文公的先祖叔虞为兄弟关系所致,周襄王自降一辈而称晋文公为叔父。而黄池盟会后,周天子周敬王称呼吴王夫差为"伯父",这一文化渊源也当追溯到商末周王朝立国之前在周族部落时泰伯、仲雍长于季历的兄长名份。按辈份序列,周敬王的直系先祖周文王(姬昌)当称泰伯、仲雍为伯父。因此,周敬王省略了辈份排算的种种程序,也自降一辈地称呼泰伯王位的后世继承人吴王夫差为"伯父"。这与昔日周襄王称呼晋文公为"叔父",适形成了一种鲜明的对照。在政族合一、家国同构的周代宗法制社会中,这种差别的形成,完全是基于两国先祖在宗法关系上的不同地位。

When Jin Wen-gong dominated central plains, emperor Zhou Xiang-wang called him ＂uncle＂.This appellation was based on the brotherly relations between Zhou Cheng-wang, the ancestor of Zhou Xiang-wang, and Shu Yu,the ancestor of Jin Wen-gong. Zhou Xiang-wang dropped his generation to call Jin Wen-gong uncle. After Huang Chi pledge meeting ,emperor Zhou Jing-wang called Wu King Fu Chai ＂uncle＂.The cultural origin could be traced back to the elder brother＇s name of Tai Bo and Zhong Yong who were older than Ji Li during the time of Zhou Tribe before the building of Zhou Dynasty in the late of Shang Dynasty. According to the sequence of generation, Zhou Wen-wang （JI Chang）, the immediate ancestors of Zhou Jing-wang, called Tai Bo and Zhong Yong ＂uncle＂ at that time. Therefore, Zhou Jing-wang omitted various procedures of computing generations and also dropped his generation to call Wu King Fu Chai, the heir of Tai Bo,＂uncle＂. This just formed a sharp contrast with Zhou Xiang-wang who called Jin Wen-gong ＂uncle＂ in former days. During the patriarchal clan system society in which politics merged with patriarchal clan and family with country,the formation of such differences completely owed to the different ancestral status of the two countries in the patriarchal relations.