奶牛生产中应用有效微生物群技术的试验研究

Application of EM Techniques in Dairy Husbandry

应用ＥＭ（有效微生物群）技术分别对奶牛日粮中的精、粗（仅麦秸部分）饲料进行发酵处理，以观测ＥＭ发酵精料和麦秸对提高奶牛生产水平及改善奶产品品质的作用和效果。结果表明，奶牛日粮中发酵精料用量占日粮精料的１０％、３０％和６０％及发酵麦秸用量占日粮麦秸的３０％、６０％和１００％时，均具有明显的效果（Ｐ＜０．０１），其中发酵精饲料各组产奶量分别较对照组提高９．１４％、１６．７６％和１２．６０％。尤其以３０％添加组较高，且极显著地高于１０％添加组，显著地高于６０％添加组；发酵粗饲料各组产奶量依次较对照组提高２１．５％、２１．２％和１５．１％，添加量以３０％～６０％比较适宜。

Dairy husbandry as one of supporting industries for meat, eggs and milk supply occupies an important place in the animal husbandry production in Lanzhou area. This trial aimed at testing the effect on increasing milk yield and improving milk quality by means of feeding dairy cows with EM treated concentrate and roughage (only wheat straw). The result showed that both the ration with the concentrate, in which 10, 30 and 60 % were treated with EM respectively, and the ration with roughage containing significant effects ( P <0.01). The milk yield of groups with EM concentrate increased respectively by 9.14, 16.76 and12.6% compared with that of the check (CK) group. Among the three groups, the increase of milk yield in 30% ′s group was the highest. It was much higher than that of 10 % ′s group ( P <0.01) and higher than that of 60 % ′s group ( P <0.05). The milk yield of groups with EM treated roughage increased by 21.5, 21.2 and 15.1 % respectively compared with that of the CK group. The properly ratio of EM treated roughage in the rations should be 30 %～60 %. Utilising EM techniques to ferment roughage could effectively raise the ratio of utilisation gravity in each of group was in accord with the standard of commercial milk quality and topped the average level of that of the population.