132例成年急慢性白血病患者膳食营养状况的调查

Survey on the intake of dietary nutrients for 132 adult patients with acute and chronic leukemia

目的研究急、慢性白血病患者的膳食营养状况并对比分析急性和慢性白血病患者膳食营养状况的异同之处。方法采用24h膳食回顾和连续7d膳食记录法获取122例急性白血病患者和10例慢性白血病患者摄入的食物种类和数量，应用SPSS 11．5统计软件对食物构成和热能、营养素摄入情况进行分析、比较。结果自血病患者的豆类、蔬菜、乳类等食物的摄入量明显低于中国居民平衡膳食宝塔所建议的食物摄入量；能量、蛋白质、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、抗坏血酸、钙、锌和硒的摄入量占推荐摄入量（RNI）和（或）适宜摄入量（AI）百分比均低于80％，其中能量、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、抗坏血酸、钙的摄入水平属严重缺乏状态。急性白血病患者的大部分食物种类的摄入量、能量及各种营养素的摄入量及占RNI和（或）AI百分比均有低于慢性白血病患者的趋势，其中水果、谷类、维生素A、核黄素、铁的摄入量，二者比较差异有统计学意义（P值分别为0．023、0．040、0．035、0．045、0．009）。结论白血病患者各种营养素的摄入量普遍较低，膳食结构存在一些不合理性。急性白血病患者比慢性白血病患者的膳食营养状况普遍存在较差的趋势。

Objective To study the dietary nourishment of adult patients with leukemia and compare acute leukemic patients with chronic leukemic patients. Methods Adopting dietary review of 24 hours and seven consecutive days of dietary records method to obtain the food category and quantity of 122 patients with acute leukemia and 10 patients with chronic leukemia. Using statistic software SPSS11.0 to calculate the patients＇ intake of various kinds of nutriments, and the differences between acute and chronic leukemic patients were analyzed. Results The rate of most nutrients of patients＇ intake reaches RNI/AI is lower, especially vitamin A, vitamin C and calcium. There＇s a tendency that intake diet, energy and nourishments of acute leukemic patients is lower than that of those chronic leukemic patients. Conclusion There is a tendency of unbalanced dietary intakes in leukemic patients, including the low intakes. There is the tendency that nutritional status of acute leukemic patients is poorer than that of chronic leukemic patients.