劳动—工资的弹性与积累模式的盲目性——试析罗伯特·博耶对资本主义调节机制的解读

Flexibility of Labor-wage and Blindness of Accumulation Regime——On Robert Boyer's Study of Capitalist Regulation Process

劳动—工资的弹性以及积累模式的发展问题是博耶解读资本主义调节机制的重要视角。他首先从生产组织的适应性等五个方面对劳动—工资的弹性进行了解读,并进而认为这种"弹性"是否合理的问题并不是一个抽象的问题,而是一个必须跟经验实践语境中各种因素的相互作用结合在一起加以考虑的问题。当他把劳资关系仅仅理解为劳动与工资之间的关系并把这一关系的双方即劳动与工资割裂开来,分别阐述其所具有的弹性时,其观点的经验主义特性就已经被注定了。以此为基础,博耶对积累模式的特征进行了剖析,并认为在具体的历史过程中,一种新的积累模式的出现,决不是一种自主的过程,而毋宁说是一种盲目的过程,它具有无限的开放性及偶然性。客观地说,博耶的解读思路中缺失一条生产关系的理论线索。他所谈的积累模式与其说是资本积累的模式,还不如说是财富积累的模式,他根本没有看到资本积累与财富积累之间的区别。

Robert Boyer approaches capitalist regulation from both the flexibility of labor-wage relation and the blindness of accumulation regime's development.His interpretation of the flexibility of labor-wage relation begins with five such aspects as adaptability of productive organization,based on which flexibility of this kind is no metaphysical question of being reasonable or not,but what must be put into the empirical context so to be understood.It is obvious that Boyer's theory is doomed to be empiricist for his treatment with labor-wage relation only as that between labor and wage,so consequently to separate these two from each other.Boyer explicates the five features which characterize the accumulation regime.In his analysis,the emergence of new accumulation regime is not at all an autonomous process,but one with blindness.To be more exact,the theory of productive relations is missing in his interpretation.As a result,the accumulation regime in his analysis is not the accumulation regime of capital,but of wealth.He deplorably missed the difference between the two.