人类发展视角与可持续发展

Human Development:Perspective and Sustainability

可持续发展是当前全球共同关注的一个议题。传统的基于GDP的发展范式与基于人类发展的发展范式对可持续发展的看法有着不同内涵。基于GDP的发展范式对个人和社会福祉的考虑是不全面的,并缺乏内在的对资源与环境成本的考虑,不利于可持续发展的实现。与基于GDP的发展范式相比,人类发展视角则更关注人的可行能力的扩展和选择空间的扩大,涵盖了健康、教育、生活水平、参与性等诸多方面。基于人类发展视角的发展范式把发展的关注焦点重新集中于人的各方面可行能力的扩展上,这会内在地产生对资源、环境和生活质量的可持续要求。人类发展的诸多维度之间存在显著的相互促进作用,从人类发展视角思考可持续发展问题,有助于扩大政策的选择空间。基于人类发展视角的发展范式有着更显著的可持续发展内涵。

Sustainable development is a global concern.The development paradigms based on GDP and on human development will play a very different role in a sustainable development.While the former puts aside human and social happiness and neglects the cost in resources and environment,there is no sustainability in development.When compared with the former paradigm,the latter cares more for human potentialities,ranging from health,education,quality of decent life to social involvement,which all rely on sustainability of resources,environment and life quality.The paper analyzes some internal shortcomings underlying the GDP paradigm,and argues that human development paradigm is more appropriate to be used as a well-being measure and is more useful in promoting sustainable development,based on the objective,method and diversity of policy choices of human development paradigm.