志愿组织与公民社会的构建——兼论中国志愿组织发展

Volunteer Organization and Citizen Society Construction

20世纪六十年代以来,传统的公民社会理论出现了转向,以哈贝马斯为先导的"公民社会—经济—国家"三分法的出现,与志愿组织在全球的发端和壮大的现实形成了紧密的契合。志愿组织成为当代公民社会研究的主体和核心要素。志愿组织是培育公民精神的载体、公民参与和意见表达的平台、公民社会与国家沟通的中介,并能够创造基层社会资本,对公民社会的构建起到至关重要的作用。在经济、政治、社会体制、文化因素的多重作用下,中国志愿组织和公民社会的发展体现为以政府为主导的自上而下的发展进程。

Since 1960s, the traditional citizen social theory has turned around. The coming-up of the trichotomy ＇citizen society-economy-nation＇ guided by Habemars has closely connected with the reality of development and grandness of the volunteer organization in the whole world. The volunteer organization has become the main body and essential part of the contemporary citizen social study, for it is the carrier of cultivating citizen spirit, the platform of citizen participation and idea expression, and the intermediate of the communication between citizen society and nation. It can create basic social capital, and plays a vital role in the construction of citizen community. Under the influence of economy, politics, social system and culture, the development of Chinese vohmteer organization and citizen society will be a process of superincumbent led by the government.