葡萄中碳黑曲霉的分离及其产生赭曲霉毒素A的研究

Study on the isolation of Aspergillus carbonarius and ochratoxin A production from wine grape

碳黑曲霉(Aspergillus carbonarius)是葡萄中产生赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A,OTA)的重要菌株。采集烟台赤霞珠(Cabernet sauvignon)葡萄,接种于孟加拉红培养基,从中分离到7株黑曲霉群(Aspergillus section black group)真菌,其中3株鉴定属于碳黑曲霉种,占黑色曲霉的43.8%。此3菌株分别接种在粮粒培养基上,静置培养,全部产生OTA,最高浓度达到1300μg/kg,而且,其中2株碳黑曲霉菌株在可可浆培养基上产生荧光,而从葡萄样品中未检出OTA。

Aspergillus carbonarius is an important fungus that has been considered to be responsible of the ochratoxin A （OTA） contamination in grape. Healthy grape of Cabernet sauvignon had collected from Yantai vineyard in Shandong province. Samples cultured with Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol （DRBC） media and seven fungi belong to Aspergillus section black group were isolated, Thereinto, three were identified as A. carbonarius, and all A. carbonazius were able to produce OTA in grain media, the high concentration was 1300μg/kg, two A. carbonarius that produced OTA can have fluorescence in coconut cream agar （CCA）, but OTA has not been detected in grapes.