水体营养物及其响应指标基准制定过程中建立参照状态的方法--以典型浅水湖泊太湖为例

Building nutrient and its response indications reference state for criteria enaction:on the case of Lake Taihu,a typical shallow lake in eastern China

建立参照状态是水体营养物及其响应指标基准制订的关键性工作,建立参照状态的方法主要有时间参考状态法、空间参考状态法、频率法、沉积物历史反演法和预测或外推模型法等.以我国东部湖区典型水体太湖为例,主要应用频率分析法建立了太湖营养物总氮、总磷及响应指标叶绿素a、塞氏深度基准的参照状态,并用时间参考状态法和沉积物历史反演法进行了总氮和总磷参照状态值的验证.综合研究分析显示太湖营养物总磷、总氮的参照状态值应为0.03mg/L、0.6mg/L;响应指标叶绿素a、塞氏深度的参照状态值应为0.004mg/L、0.70m.研究结果旨在为我周水体营养物及其响应指标基准、标准的研究与制订以及我国水体富营养化的控制提供理论和方法借鉴.

During enacting nutrients criteria, there are five main methods such as direct observation of temporal reference state, direction observation of spatial reference state, population distribution approach, paleolimnological reconstruction, forecast and extrapolate model approach. In this paper, population distribution approach was applied to build the nutrients criteria on the case of Lake Taihu, one of the typical shallow water bodies in eastern China. Then, direct observation of temporal reference state and paleolimnological reconstruction were applied to validate the reference state value of TN and TP. Results showed that the reference state value of TP, TN in Lake Taihu was 0.03mg/L, 0.07mg/L, respectively, and the response indication of Chlorophyll-a and Sacci disk depth was 0.004mg/L and 0.70m, respectively. This study would offer the experience for enacting the criteria and standard in China, also would provide the theoretic support for eutrophication control in China.