内脂素与胰岛素抵抗及妊娠糖尿病的研究

A study on relations of visfatin and insulin resistance with GDM

妊娠糖尿病是指妊娠期间发生或首次出现的糖耐量异常，它是围生期常见的一种并发症，且发病率逐年上升。妊娠糖尿病严重地危害着母亲和胎儿的健康，其发生与胰岛素抵抗有关。内脂素是新近发现的主要由内脏脂肪组织表达的一种脂肪细胞因子。虽然内脂素主要由内脏脂肪组织表达，但它同时也在骨骼肌、肝脏、骨髓和淋巴细胞等组织中被发现，并被定义为前B细胞集落增强因子。内脂素能与胰岛素受体直接结合，发挥胰岛素样作用，降低血糖。同时内脂素与胰岛素抵抗密切相关。内脂素在葡萄糖和脂质代谢中发挥着重要作用，其被发现可为研究胰岛素抵抗和妊娠糖尿病的发病机制提供新的思路和方法，对内脂素的研究为妊娠糖尿病孕妇合理控制血糖水平、减少母婴并发症和降低围生儿的死亡率等提供一定的理论基础。

Gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance occurred or firstly recognized during pregnancy. It is one of the common complications of pregnancy in perinatal period. GDM seriously endanger health of mother and fetus. The prevalence is increasing year by year. The development of GDM is related to insulin resistance （IR）. Visfatin is a newly identified adipocytokine which is mainly expressed in visceral fat tissues. Although visfatin is expressed mainly by visceral adipose tissues, it is also found in skeletal muscles, liver, bone marrow and lymphocytes, where it is initially identified as pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor （PBEF）. It can directly bind to insulin receptor and exert insulin-like effects to lower the blood glucose level. Meanwhile, it is closely related to IR. Visfatin may play an important role in metabolisms of glucose and lipids. Visfatin provides a new thoughts to investigate pathogeneses of insulin resistance and GDM. The study on visfatin can provide a theoretical basis for controlling blood sugar level of pregnant women with GDM, reducing maternal and neonatal complications and perinatal mortality.