3607例结直肠癌病例的临床特征变化分析

Altering trend of clinical characteristics of colorectal cancer: a report of 3607 cases

背景与目的:20世纪80年代以来中国结直肠癌发病率明显上升,其流行病学特征接近高发地区,同时地区分布差异巨大,以东部沿海地区高,西部内陆地区低。本研究对1981～2005年哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的3607例结直肠癌病例的临床特征进行分析。方法:将3607例结直肠癌病例,以5年为一时间段分组,对各组患者的年龄分布、性别、肿瘤部位、Dukes’分期等进行回顾性分析,所有病例均经过病理检查确诊。结果:25年间该院结直肠癌收治率每年环比增长速度为8.5%。中位年龄上升7岁;男女比例无明显变化;直肠癌比例下降13.6%,左、右半结肠癌比例则均上升6.8%;Dukes’A期的结直肠癌比例上升3.8%,Dukes'D期下降8.1%。结论:黑龙江地区25年以来结直肠癌的发病率不断上升,患者发病的中位年龄上升,男女比例无明显变化;直肠癌比例下降,结肠癌比例上升;早期病例比例增加。

Background and Objective China has increased since 1980s. The cancer in China is similar to that in high Incidence of colorectal cancer in epidemiologic character of colorectal incidence districts. The distributions among different regions are different, with high incidence in the Eastern coastal regions and low incidence in the Western inland. This study was to explore the clinical characteristics of colorectal cancers in Heilongjiang province in 1981-2005. Methods： A total of 3607 patients with pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer who were hospitalized to Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang province, in 1981-2005 were divided into 5-year groups. Their clinical data were analyzed. Results- The annual hospitalization number of colorectal cancer patients in 1985-2005 was increased by 8.5%. The median age increased by 7 years. There was no significant change in the male to female ratio of the patients. The proportion of rectal cancer decreased by 13.6%, while the proportions of both right and left hemi-colon cancers increased by 6.8% the proportion of colorectal cancer at Dukes＇ A stage increased by 3.8%, while the proportion of colorectal cancer at Dukes＇ D stage decreased by 8.1%. Conclusions： In the past 25 years, the incidence of colorectal cancer has increased in Heilongjiang province with an increase in median age; the male to female ratio has no significant change. The incidence of rectal cancer and proportion of Dukes＇ A stage cancer have increased.