利用微卫星标记研究鸭品种的遗传多样性

Genetic diversity of duck breeds:A study with microsatellite markers

利用32个微卫星标记研究了5个福建省地方鸭品种(金定鸭、连城白鸭、莆田黑鸭、山麻鸭和番鸭)和2个对照品种(北京鸭和卡基康贝尔鸭)的遗传多样性和种质特性.结果表明:32个微卫星标记在7个鸭品种中检测到371个等位基因,平均每个基因座有11.719个等位基因,平均多态信息含量为0.522,有效等位基因数在5.141～6.961,基因杂合度变化范围在0.512～0.700,杂合度较高;基于Nei氏标准遗传距离(DS)和DA遗传距离,采用UPGMA方法构建了系统发生树,将金定鸭、莆田黑鸭、连城白鸭、山麻鸭和卡基康贝尔鸭聚为一类,而北京鸭和番鸭各自聚为一类.所得聚类图与种群的真实关系较为符合.

Thirty two microsatellite markers were utilized to analyze the genetic diversity and germplasm characteristics of five Fujian native duck breeds （ Jinding duck, Liancheng white duck, Putian black duck, Shanma duck, and Muscovy duck） and two reference duck breeds （Beijing duck and Khaki Campbell duck）. By using the markers, 371 alleles in test duck breeds were detected. The average allelic number per locus was 11. 719, average value of PIC was 0. 522, average number of effective alleles was from 5. 141 to 6. 961, and average heterozygosity was from 0. 512 to 0. 700. Based on Nei＇ s standard distance （ Ds ） and DA genetic distance, a dendrogram was constructed by using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA）. Jinding duck, Putian black duck, Liancheng white duck, Shanma duck, and Khaki Campbell duck were clustered into a group, and Beijing duck and Muscovy duck were clustered into another two groups, respectively. The dendrogram of Dg and Ds genetic distances were accorded with the real relations among the seven duck breeds.