豆粕蛋白溶解度与肉仔鸡生产性能关系的研究

EFFECT OF AUTOCLAVING DEGREE OFSOYBEAN MEAL ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS

本实验以未经加热的生豆粕为原料，用高压蒸锅在１０８℃、２４０Ｐａ压力下处理０、１２、２０分钟，以及在１２１℃、７２０Ｐａ压力下处理５、２０、４０、６０分钟，加上生豆粕共得到８种不同加热程度的豆粕，进行脲酶活性（ｐＨ增值法、ＩＳＯ法）、蛋白溶解度（ＰＳ）、考马斯亮蓝值（Ｃｏｏｍａｓｉｅ）、可利用赖氨酸（ＤＢＬ）测定。用上述８种不同加热程度的豆粕按等能等蛋白原则配成８种生产型日粮，用１日龄的ＡＡ公雏进行了４周的饲养实验，饲养实验采用随机区组设计。试验结果表明，在本实验的蛋白和赖氨酸水平下，蛋白溶解度在５６３６％至８０６１％之间、考马斯亮蓝值在３６１９％至５３３０％的豆粕在体增重、饲料效率、进食量上差异不显著。过生或过熟的豆粕都降低肉仔鸡的生产性能。蛋白溶解度和考马斯亮蓝值是评价豆粕加热程度的可信指标。如蛋白溶解度在６０％～８０％之间、考马斯亮蓝值在３５％～５５％之间，则表明加热适度。

? Raw solventextracted soybean flakes from NanYuan vegetable oil rendering factory were autoclaved for 0,12,20 minutes at 108℃,240Pa and for 5,20,40,60 minuntes at 121℃,720PaThe samples were evaluated for urease activity(△pH,ISO),protein solubility by nitrogen method and by Coomassie dye binding method,DBL valuesThe results indicated that all the indices decreased as the autoclaving time was increasedThe results of fourweek feeding trial showed that autoclave processing of soybean had significant effect on the performance of broilerThe protein solubility of soybean meals in 8061%～5636% had no difference in weight gain,feed/gain,feed intakeUnderheating and overheating of soybean meal both decreased the performance of broilersIt was found that PS and Coomassie dye binding were the best indexes for evaluating the degree of heatingThe PS values more closely reflected the impaired chick performance from overheating SBM tham UAThe PS for a good quality meal would be between 60%～80% by nitrogen method and 35%～55% by Coomassie dys binding methodThe protein and lysine level of the diet might affect the optimum ranges of protein solubility〖KH*2]