小麦--黑麦易位系的研究

Study on Wheat-Rye Translocation Lines

为了创制在小麦生产上有经济价值和在小麦育种中有利用价值的小麦—黑麦易位系,用小麦—黑麦代换系5R/5A与6R/6A杂交,在杂种后代中选择带有某些黑麦性状的普通小麦类型植株,并按性状继代选择直至稳定为止,至F6代共选出9个品系即6-26、06-60-11、06-6-24、06-6-15、06-6-35、6-34、6-28、06-6-17、06-6-14。本文对这9个品系及其亲本进行了田间观察和遗传分析,结果表明:它们田间表现生长整齐一致、遗传稳定、育性正常,具有大穗、多小穗、多分蘖、抗病、抗旱等优良性状;选择分布在黑麦5R和6R染色体上的微卫星引物共20对,结果表明引物SCM268在6-26、06-60-11、06-6-15、06-6-35、6-34、6-28、06-6-17、06-6-14这8个品系中扩增出黑麦特异产物,初步确定这8个品系是易位系,是有经济价值和利用价值的遗传材料。

In order to creat wheat-rye translocations which have very important value in wheat breeding and production, we selected the lines with common wheat rye＇ s characters in the crossing between wheat-rye substitution line 5R/5A and 6R/6A. Now we have obtained 9 lines of F6, 6-26,06-60-11,06-6-24,06-6-15,06-6-35,6-34, 6-28,06-6-17,06-6-14. These lines are useful for the genetic stability and fertility and dry and disease resistance and they have muhispikelets with more number of grains per ear, higher grain weight, more ears per plant as well as other good characters. Twenty primer pairs located on chromosomes 5R and 6R were used for SSR amplification in these lines and their parents. The results showed that the molecular marker SCM268 was singled out from 20 primers,which could amplify the specific molecular marker SCM268150 of rye in 8 of 9 lines ,6-26,06-60-11, 06-6-15,06-6-35,6-34,6-28,06-6-17 and 06-6-14. It can be deduced from the result that the 8 lines are wheat- rye translocation lines which have very important value in production and wheat breeding.