原发性夜间遗尿症儿童神经心理学特征研究

The characteristic of neuropsychology in children with primary nocturnal enuresis

目的探讨原发性夜间遗尿症（PNE）患儿的神经心理学特征。方法采用视听整合持续操作测试（IVA-CPT）和中国韦氏儿童智力量表（C-WISC）对30例单纯PNE患儿（单纯PNE组）、22例PNE＋注意缺陷障碍（ADHD）患儿（PNE＋ADHD组）、30例单纯ADHD患儿（单纯ADHD组）以及30例健康儿童（对照组）进行对照研究。结果IVA-CPT单纯PNE组与对照组比较，综合控制商数和听觉反应控制商数、听觉谨慎商数、听觉一致性商数差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），综合注意商数、听觉注意力商数、听觉警醒商数和听觉注意集中商数差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）；单纯PNE组与单纯ADHD组比较，综合控制商数、听觉反应控制商数、综合注意商数，听觉注意力商数差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；单纯PNE组与PNE＋ADHD组比较，听觉反应控制商数和视觉速度商数差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），综合注意力商数、听觉注意力商数、视觉注意力商数、听觉警醒商数和视觉警醒商数差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。C-WISC：单纯PNE组与对照组比较，数字广度、译码、知识与算术分测验量表分差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；单纯PNE组与单纯ADHD组比较，数字广度、译码、知识和算术分测验量表分差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；单纯PNE组与PNE＋ADHD组比较，数字广度、译码和算术分测验量表分差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论PNE患儿本身即存在注意力的损害，伴有ADHD时损伤更为严重。

Objective To explore the characteristic of neuropsychology in children with primary nocturnal enuresis（PNE）. Methods Thirty children with PNE （PNE group） were compared with 22 children with PNE and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（PNE ＋ ADHD group）, 30 normal children （control group） and 30 ADHD children （ADHD group） separately.All participants were assessed through the integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test（IVA-CPT） and China Wechsler Young Children Scales of Intelligence（C-WISC）. Results There was significant difference in response control quotient, auditory response control quotient, auditory consistency quotient （ P 〈 0.05 ） and obviously significant difference in full scale attention quotient, auditory attention quotient, auditory prudence quotient and auditory focus quotient between PNE group and control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. There was significant difference in response control quotient, auditory response control quotient, full scale attention quotient and auditory attention quotient between PNE group and ADHD group （ P 〈 0.05）. There was significant difference in auditory response control quotient, visual speed quotient （ P 〈 0.05 ） and obviously significant difference in full scale attention quotient, auditory attention quotient, visual attention quotient, auditory vigilance and visual vigilance quotient between PNE group and PNE ＋ ADHD group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. In the PNE group, the scores of digit extent, decipher, knowledge and arithmetics were significantly different compared with control group and ADHD group （ P 〈 0.05）, and the scores of digit extent, decipher and arithmetics were significantly different between PNE group and PNE ＋ ADHD group （ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The children with PNE have attention impairment, and can be aggravated by ADHD.