中国近代乡村建设的另一种典范——张謇的南通乡村建设

Another Desirable Model of Rural Construction in Modern China——Zhang Jian’s Rural Construction in Nantong

传统观点认为,乡村建设是指20世纪二、三十年代由政府支持的学者所倡导,通过兴办教育、改良农业、调剂金融、提倡合作与地方自治和移风易俗等措施复兴农村经济的改良运动。然而,大量史实表明,张謇尽管没有明确提出"乡村建设"理念,但其实业家身份、"村落主义"思想、"经营乡里"以及良好的实施效果足以令南通乡村建设独树一帜。张謇的南通模式与"邹平模式"、"定县模式"、"江宁模式"同样是中国近代乡村建设的典范。

It is believed that rural construction was advocated by the government-backed scholars in the 1920-30s, which includes reforms like strengthening education, improving agriculture, regulating economy, promoting co-operation and local autonomy, and making changes in customs and traditions. However, a large number of facts show that, although ZHANG Jian has never definitely put forward the notion of rural construction, his deeds and consequences of rural construction in Nantong are outstanding. Zhang Jian＇s Nantong Mode is just like ＂Zouping Mode＂, ＂Ding County Mode＂ and ＂Jiangning Mode＂, all of which are desirable models of rural construction in Modern China.