敦煌文献与唐代吐蕃史的构建

Reconstructing the Tibetan History During the Tang Dynasty——Based on the Dunhuang Manuscripts

在敦煌莫高窟藏经洞出土的文献中,有不少都是吐蕃统治敦煌时期(786-848年)的作品。就其使用的文字而言,主要有两类,其一为古藏文文献,数量约在12000件左右;其二为汉文文献,数量也非常可观。与吐蕃王朝历史有关的文献数量虽不是很多,但非常重要,如《敦煌本吐蕃历史文书》用编年的形式记录了吐蕃王朝每年的大事,包括会盟、狩猎、征战、税收等,成为唐代吐蕃史研究的基础。敦煌写本中与社会经济、宗教信仰相关的文献数量也很多,为唐代吐蕃社会史、宗教的研究与构建提供了丰富而珍贵的史料,可补充或印证汉文史籍及后世藏文文献的记载。

A lot of the Dunhuang manuscripts were written in period of Tibetan-occupied Dunhuang （768-848）, which can be divided two kinds, i. e. Tibetan manuscripts （12000 pieces or so） and Chinese ones. The texts about Tibetan history are few in number, but very important, for example, the manuscript of the Dunhuang Annals recorded the Tibetan great events each year, become the basis of Tibetan.studies in Tang Dynasty, including meetings, the hunting, going on an expedition etc. Dunhuang documents related to society and economy and religions are also many, which provided rich materials for study of the Tibetan history, the religion go into in the Tang Dynasty and supplement or verify Chinese historical records and later Tibetan resources.