萧氏松茎象生物学特性及其防治研究

Study on the Biology and Control of Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang

萧氏松茎象是严重蛀食国外松主干基部皮层的新害虫。该虫在江西吉安等地两年发生一代，以幼虫和成虫越冬。越冬成虫３月中下旬出羽化孔活动，４月下旬开始产卵，５月中旬开始孵化为幼虫，当年１２月上旬幼虫越冬，至翌年３月中旬越冬幼虫复苏，８月中旬开始化蛹，９月中旬开始羽化为成虫并在蛹室内越冬。对该虫各虫态生活习性及其发生环境作了报道。成虫活动隐蔽，防治应以营林措施为主，营造杉松混交林，避免大面积栽种国外松纯林。虫少时，冬季人工清理虫害木；虫多时，采取人工清理虫源，４～５月成虫活动期施放白僵菌，１～３龄幼虫期喷４０％氧化乐果１０００倍液等方法进行综合治理。

Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang is a new insect species that bores seriously in the base trunk bark of the foreign pines——slash pine and loblolly pine mainly. The pest has one generation biennially and overwinters as larvae and adults in Jiangxi Province. The overwintering adults appear in middle late March and lay eggs in late April. The larvae hatched in middle May and start overwintering in early December,become active in the following middle March and pupate in middle August. The adults emerge and overwinter in their pupal cells in middle September. For the adults, activities can not been seen easily,sivicultural measures, such as planting mixed fir pine forests,avoiding planting of large areas of pure foreign pine forests,removing infested trees and brood trees in winter should be taken as the main measures of control. When the density of the pest population is large,besides above measures,white muscardine can be applied from April to May,and 40% omethoate diluted with water(1∶1 000) can be sprayed for 1～3 instars larvae to control the pest.