江南丘陵林区森林土壤微量元素的含量与分布

Contents and Distribution of Microelements in Soils of Hilly Forest Area in the South of Yangzi River

对我国江南丘陵林区森林土壤微量元素（Ｂ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ）的含量、分布及影响因子进行了研究。结果表明：该地区森林土壤全量微量元素Ｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ等含量很低，Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ含量较高，Ｆｅ含量丰富。不同林分类型对土壤中微量元素全量不存在明显影响。有效态微量元素表现为Ｂ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ含量很低，Ｚｎ中等，Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ含量丰富。微量元素有效量一般由土壤表层往下逐渐降低。影响该地区微量元素有效量的主要土壤因子是微量元素全量、土壤质地、ｐＨ值、有机质、速效Ｐ、速效Ｋ等。其中有机质的富集显著提高Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ的有效含量，对Ｍｏ的作用不明显，对Ｂ则起减低有效含量的作用。

This paper deals with the content level,the distribution regularity and the affecting factors of microelements (B,Mo,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn) in soils of hilly forest area in the south of Yangzi River.Results revealed that the total contents of B,Zn,Mn in this region were lower than their average contents of the country,those of Mo,Cu were higher than their average contents of the country,but that of Fe was very rich.The total contents of microelements in the soils were mainly affected by parent materials and soil texture.Available B,Mo,Cu were very low,but available Zn was relatively high and available Fe and Mn were very rich.Distribution of available microelements in the soil layers varied with the kind of the elements.The factors affecting the available content of microelements in the soils were the total content,soil texture,pH,organic matters,available P and available K.The enrichment of organic matters increased available Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn contents greatly,but decreased available B contents and had no effect on available Mo contents.