福建省海岸线变迁及对城市建设的影响

THE CHANGE OF SHORELINE AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE URBAN CONSTRUCTION IN FUJIAN, CHINA

本文以福建省海岸线地质地貌特征为依据,划分了:基岩海岸、砂质海岸和淤泥海岸三大海岸类型,又根据海岸变化的特点划分了。蚀退岸、淤涨岸和稳定岸,并详细地论述了它们的主要特征。作者研究了福建省第四纪以来气候交化及新构造运动引起的福建海面颊繁变化和海岸线变迁情况,认为全新世以来虽是一次海侵,但存在多次海面波动和海岸线变迁的过程,而不是直线式上升,在某些河口地区仍属海面上升,即基准面上升,使河流坡降变缓,搬运能力减弱,从上游携带来的大量泥沙,在河口堆积,其速度大于海面上升的速度。第四纪以来海面变化,海岸线变迁形成的地质地貌特征,对沿海港口城市建设、工农业生产,人民生活、水产、航运等都会产生,并将继续产生不可忽视的影响。因此在建设沿海城市、港口和经济开发区规划时,必须加强海岸线变迁的研究,进一步掌握海岸线变迁规律,为国民经济建设服务。

This paper divied the coastline into three types on the basis of geological and geomophologic features in Fujian, j. e. rocky, sandy and silty coast. Taking a further step, the writer classified Fujian coastline into erosinal, siltational and stable coastline in the light of the change in character of coastline and discttssed their principal features.The writer studied the frequent changes8 of sea level and coastline as results of climate changes and newtectonic movements since Quaternary in Fujianprovince. Although only one time of transgression took place since Holocene epoch, but there have been several times of change in sea level(not to rise sharply )and coastline. In some river mouthes, datum plane rised so that river flows slowly down and their capacities of transportation decreased and result in a large amount of mud and sand carried by water from up stream were deposited. The velocity of, deposition was faster than that of sea level rising.As results of changes of sea level and coastline since Quaternary, geological and geomophologic features exert influence not to be ignored on the construction of harbour cities, production of industry and agriculture and aquiculture, people's livings and shipping. people must strengthen studies on the changes of coastline and further have a good grasp of changing law of it so that can give seviee to the construction of national economy.