鱼类性别决定及其研究方法进展

The progress in fish sex-determination and its research methods

近二十年,有关鱼类性别决定的研究取得了很大进展,主要集中在温度、激素以及性别连锁基因、BKM、ZFY、芳香化酶基因、H-Y抗原、Sox、SRY、DMRT1、DMY、DAX-1、核受体基因家族、SF-1和WT-1等性别决定基因对性别分化的调控方面,杂交和分子标记技术则提供了有效的技术手段。这些研究为进一步阐明鱼类决定机制提供了基础和手段,但仍存在一些问题有待探索。阐述了近些年有关鱼类性别决定因子及其研究方法方面的研究动态和进展,并对鱼类性别决定的研究前景、存在的问题和发展的趋势做了简述,以期为系统研究鱼类性别决定机制提供参考。

In the past few decades, significant advances have been made in research of fish sex determination, mainly centered in the aspects of sex differentiation regulation, such as temperature, hormone and the sex related genes （sex-linked gene, BKM, ZFY, aromatases gene, H-Y antigen, Sox, SRY, DMRT1, DMY, DAX-1, Ftz-F1 genel, SF-1 and WT-1 ） , and hybridization and molecular sex-specific markers provide valid technique means. These findings lay a foundation for further studies on the function and regulation of sex genes aiming at elucidation of the mechanism of determination and provide potential tool for fish sex determination, but there are still some questions that needed further research. In this mini-review, progress in the past few decades on sex related genes and research method of fish were summarized. Prospects, significance and possible future directions of the studies on fish sex determination were also discussed. Through this paper, systematic research on mechanism of fish sex determination is expected to provide.