蚯蚓非光滑体表形貌与降阻特性

Feature and the characteristic of sliding resistance reduction of the earthworm's non-smooth surface

以赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)为研究对象,制备了舒张态、静息态、收缩态3种体表试样。利用OLYMPUS体视显微镜及OLYCIATMM3图像分析系统,对蚯蚓体表形貌进行分析,结果表明蚯蚓体表形貌属于典型的波纹形非光滑结构,体部纹理小而密,非光滑单元密度较大,头部纹理大而稀,非光滑单元密度较小。头部舒张态、静息态、收缩态非光滑结构单元体宽度和高度之比分别为1.65︰1︰0.78和0.23︰1︰1.27;而体部舒张态、静息态、收缩态非光滑结构单元体宽度和高度之比分别为1.65︰1︰0.81和0.33︰1︰1.28。利用微黏附力测试系统,对蚯蚓体表展平试样和钢试样进行土壤滑动阻力试验,结果表明蚯蚓体表试样的降阻效果由大到小依次是收缩态、静息态、舒张态;而且,头部比体部降阻效果明显;与钢试样相比,头部和体部收缩态的降阻率分别为39%和29%。该研究可为生物非光滑表面仿生研究以及揭示蚯蚓体表形貌和润滑耦合仿生机制提供基础数据。

The earthworm（Eisenia foetida）was used as research object,and three surface specimens：motionless,extending and shrinking were prepared.The surface feature of the earthworm was analyzed by using the OLYMPUS stereo microscope and its image analysis system OLYCIA^T MM3.The results showed that the earthworm surface was typical wavy non-smooth structure,the body department texture was small and dense,while the forehead texture was big and thin,and the non-smooth unit density of the body department was bigger than that of the forehead.The ratio of the width and height of the non-smooth structure unit about the forehead motionless,extending and shrinking specimens were 1.65：1：0.78 and 0.23：1：1.27,respectively,while those of the body surface specimens were 1.65：1：0.81 and 0.33：1：1.28,respectively.The sliding resistance experiments of earthworm＇s unfolding surface specimens and steel specimens were conducted by means of a tiny adhesion testing system.The test results showed that the shrinking specimen had the best reducing sliding resistance ability,then was motionless specimen and the extending specimen,respectively.The reducing sliding resistance ability of the forehead was better than that of the body.Compared with the steel specimen,the rate of reducing sliding resistance of the forehead and the body shrinking were 39%and 29%,respectively.This study will afford basic data for bionic research of biologic non-smooth surface and exposing biomimetic coupling mechanism.