甜玉米杂交种主要农艺性状间的相关分析与通径分析

Regression and path analysis on main agronomic characteristics of sweet maize

选择本单位选育及引进的37个杂交种进行随机区组设计,对株高、穗位高、双穗率、穗长、穗粗、秃尖长、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重、出籽率等11个主要农艺性状与鲜穗产量进行相关及通径分析。结果表明,性状间行粒数与株高(r=0.6328**)、行粒数与穗长(r=0.7436**)、株高与穗长(r=0.6340**)、穗粗与百粒重(r=0.6297**)之间均呈极显著正相关。对鲜穗产量作用最大的是行粒数(r=0.6694**,P=0.4497),其次分别是株高(r=0.6564**,P=0.4145),穗粗(r=0.3991*,P=0.2961)和穗长(r=0.6088**,P=0.2805)。为获得高产甜玉米品种,应重点注意提高行粒数、增大穗粗及穗长,并协调好株高与行粒数、穗粗、穗长之间的关系。

Correlation and path between crop yield and the main agronomic characteristics of sweet maize hybrids were studied. Randomized block design was used to test 37 hybrids. The most significant correlations were detected between kernels per row and plant height （r=0. 6328^＊ ＊ ）, kernels per row and ear length （r=0. 7436^＊ ＊ ）, plant height and ear length （r=0. 6340^＊ ＊ ）, 100--grain weight and ear diameter （r=0. 6297^＊ ＊ ）. The crop yield was contributed most significantly by kernels per row （r= 0. 6694^＊＊ , P = 0. 4497）, followed by plant height （r= 0.6564^＊＊ , P=0.4145）, ear diameter （r=0.3991^＊ , P=0.2961） and ear length （r=0.6088^＊＊ , P=0.2805）. Thus, increasing kernels per row, ear diameter and ear length would result in high yield. At the same time, an appropriate relationship between plant height and kernels per row, ear diameter and ear length should also be maintained in order to achieve the desirable results.