我国现阶段医患冲突的表现形式及社会学分析

An Sociological Analysis of the External Forms of Doctor-Patient Conflict in Present China

医患冲突是我国现阶段医学发展过程中由医患对角色、权利、义务、利益等方面的认识和要求出现了巨大的差距,社会诸多因素的交叉、碰撞而导致产生的一个社会问题。从社会学的角度来分析,我们发现导致这一社会现象的主要原因是:我国卫生资源的有限和卫生资源的分配不公;医方是医学资源的垄断者;医患又都是自我利益的最大追求者。依据社会学的冲突理论,从冲突的方式、程度、目标来划分,医患冲突可以分为直接冲突和间接冲突、暴力冲突和非暴力冲突、现实冲突和非现实冲突。由于间接冲突和非现实冲突的隐秘性、潜存性和对医患关系影响的深刻性,所以需要特别关注。

Doctor- patient conflict is a social problem in the present phase of medical development in China that has come into being due to the huge gap between the doctor＇s and the patient＇s understanding and requirement concerning their roles, rights, obligations and interest. It results from intersection and collision of various social factors. From the sociological perspective, it has been found that the main causes of such a problem include： the limited health resources and its uneven distribution; the doctor as the monopoly of medical resources; the doctor and the patient both as seekers of maximal self - interest. According to the conflict theory in sociology, doctor -patient conflict can be classified, in terms of form, degree, and goal of conflict, into direct and indirect conflict, violent and non - violent conflict, and reality and non - reality conflict respectively. Indirect conflict and non - reality conflict deserve special attention because of their hiddenness, latency, and deep influence upon doctor -patient relationship.