偶发性肾癌(附42例报告)

Incidental renal cell carcinoma

自１９８０～１９９６年间手术治疗肾癌２２５例，根据诊断符合偶发肾癌标准者４２例，有症状者１８３例。对两组肿瘤的分期、分级和预后等作比较。结果：两组间Ｔ２、Ｔ３ｂ及ＴＮ＋肿瘤构成比差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５），而胞核分级和组织类型构成无显著性差异。５年肾癌生存率在偶发癌组为８２．８％，有症状组为６０．４％，两组生存率有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），但仅比较两组的肾内局限肿瘤者其生存率无显著性差异。两组死于肾癌患者的平均术后生存时间分别为３６．９个月和２９．４个月，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。本组偶发肾癌较有症状肾癌组织分化和病理分型情况相似，但较多为早期肿瘤。早期诊治是偶发肾癌预后较好的主要原因。

From 1980 to 1996,42 out of 225 cases of renal cell carcinoma were incidental. The incidental group was compared to the symptomatic group as to the tumor grade, stage and prognosis. There was no significant difference of tumor grade between the 2 groups but significant difference has been noted as to the tumor stage. The 5 year survival rate in the incidental group has been 82.8% and the symptomatic group 60.4%. The average life span after surgical management has been 36.9 months and 29.4 months respectively (P<0.01)。 Early diagnosis in the incidental renal cell carcinoma is the primary cause of better prognosis.