《榆树下的欲望》中的自然主义倾向

Naturalism in Desire under the Elms

自然主义文学流派对20世纪美国文学有着深远的影响。奥尼尔的剧作《榆树下的欲望》带有明显的自然主义倾向。从自然主义的基本特征出发,分析作品中的自然主义因素,并且探讨作者自然主义倾向的源头———成长经历、弗洛伊德学说的影响以及对东方哲学的浓厚兴趣。同时,作为一个伟大的现代派作家,奥尼尔又远远超越了自然主义的局限,体现了他个性特征。

Naturalism exerted great influences on American literature in the 20th century. O＇ Neill＇ s play Desire under the Elms expresses naturalism, determinism of environment and reexamination of truth of literature. The Naturalism in this play results from his life experiences, influences of Sigmund Freud＇ s thoughts and his intense interest in the oriental philosophy. As a great playwright, O＇ Neill transcends the limitation of Naturalism and manifests his individuality in the play Desire under the Elms.