紫外灭活的异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育过程比较

Comparison of embryonic development of Cynoglossus semilaevis haploid induced by heterogenous and homogenous sperm

为探讨在雌核发育研究中紫外灭活的异源精子的细胞质等是否对"受精"卵的发育产生影响,本文对紫外灭活的异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育过程进行了比较研究。结果显示,在胚盘形成期、二细胞期、多细胞期和囊胚期,异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育时序及形态无显著差异。之后,灭活的异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育速度比同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎要慢,至受精后18 h 48 min已慢1个发育时期,说明在发育前期,异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育阻力更大。肌节期后,同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育也严重受阻,与异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎发育速度无显著差异;且单倍体胚胎陆续大量死亡,但异源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎死亡率明显要大于同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎。异源和同源精子诱导的单倍体胚胎孵出的仔鱼均表现有单倍体综合症,外形基本一致。为确保紫外线处理将精子完全灭活,当紫外灭活的异源和同源精子诱导的半滑舌鳎单倍体胚胎发育至原肠后期时,各取30粒用倍性分析仪检测其倍性,结果显示全为单倍体。

In order to study if cytoplasm of UV-irradiated heterogenous sperm affected the development of ＂fertilized＂ egg during gynogenesis, the embryonic development of Cynoglossus semilaevis haploid induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous and homogenous sperm were compared. The embryonic development course of haploid induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous and homogenous sperm was alike at the stages of blastodisc formation, 2-cell stage, multi-cell stage and blastula stage. After the stage of early gastrula, the developmental velocity of haploid embryo induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous sperm was slower than that of haploid embryo induced by UV-irradiated homogenous sperm. But, the morphology of haploid embryos induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous and homogenous sperm was alike at the corresponding stage. After stage of somite, the developmental velocity of haploid induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous and homogenous sperm was identical. A great deal of haploid embryos died after somite stage and the death rate of haploid embryos induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous sperm was larger than that of haploid embryos induced by UV-irradiated homologous sperm. The larvae hatched from haploid embryo induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous and homogenous sperm have haploid syndrome. The ploidy level of 30 gastrula embryos induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous and homogenous sperm was determined in order to verify that UV light completely deactivated sperm. The result of ploidy analysis showed that the embryos induced by UV-irradiated heterogenous and homogenous sperm were all haploid.