虾夷扇贝体形性状对软体重和闭壳肌重的影响效果分析

Analysis of effect of body shape traits on soft-tissue weight and adductor weight in Patinopecten yessoensis Jay

利用虾夷扇贝表型性状资料,分析性状间的相关关系及其相关程度,建立相应的回归方程,为扇贝的选择育种奠定基础。试验随机抽取126只体形规则的3龄大连獐子岛海区底播增殖的虾夷扇贝,其中雌雄各63只,测定其壳长(X1)、壳高(X2)、壳宽(X3)、活体重(Y)、软体重(Z)和闭壳肌重(W),分别计算相关系数,采用通径分析方法计算了以体形性状为自变量对软体重和闭壳肌重作依变量的通径系数、决定系数及相关指数,定量的分析了体形性状对虾夷扇贝解剖性状的影响。结果表明虾夷扇贝壳长、壳宽、壳高与活体重、软体重和闭壳肌重的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01);壳高、壳宽是影响雌性软体重的主要因素,壳长、壳宽是影响雄性软体重的主要因素,而混合组受3个壳尺性状的共同影响;影响虾夷扇贝闭壳肌重的主要因素是壳宽,壳长、壳高的作用不显著;决定系数分析结果与通径分析结果有一致的变化趋势;多元回归分析,剔除不显著因子,建立了壳长、壳高、壳宽对软体重、闭壳肌重的回归方程:(1)雌性Z=-128.573+1.355X2+1.407X3;W=-8.216+0.869X3;(2)雄性Z=138.493+1.082X1+2.524X3;W=-11.855+0.955X3;(3)混合Z=-133.939+0.606X1+0.679X2+1.709X3;W=-9.525+0.896X3。通过性状间的相关分析对两性状间的关系进行明确的定量,有利于制定合理的多性状选择方案,为虾夷扇贝选育提供理想的测度指标。

This study is based on the material of Japanese scallop （ Patinopecten yessoensis Jay） phenotypic characters, and the objective is to analyse correlation relationship, define degree of correlation among characters, establish the regression equation, and to lay a foundation of selective breeding. Data for this study were collected from 126 Japanese scallops at three years old in Zhangzidao Island of Dalian City. The shell length （X1 ）, shell height （X2 ）, shell width （X3 ）, live body weight （ Y）, soft-tissue weight （Z） and adductor weight （W） of 63 male scallops and 63 female scallops were measured individually. The correlation coefficient matrix was calculated respectively. Three body shape traits were used as independent variables, the soft-tissue weight and adductor weight were used as dependent variable for path analysis, and path coefficients （ Pi ）, determination coefficients （ di ） and correlation index （ R^2 ） were calculated. The results show that correlation coefficients between each body shape trait and the live body weight （ Y）, softtissue weight （Z） and adductor weight （W） are all significantly different （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Shell length （ X1 ） and shell height （X2 ） give predominant direct effect and determinacy on the soft-tissue weight of female scallops; it is the key effective factor. Shell length （X1 ） and shell width （X3 ） give predominant direct effect and determinacy on the soft-tissue weight of male scallops; it is the key effective factor. But the key effective factors of mixed scallops are shell length （X1）, shell height （X2 ） and shell width （X3 ）. The key effective factor on adductor weight （W） is only shell width （X3 ）, shell length （X1） and shell height （X2 ） give slightly direct effect and significant indirect effect through shell width （X3 ）, is the secondary factor. It was clear from the result of high correlation index that the path coefficient analysis could reveal the truthful relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. Eliminate inconspicuousness factor, the multiple regression equation obtained to estimate two anatomical traits as ： 1 ） For female Z = - 128. 573＋1.355X2＋1.407X3; W= -8. 216＋ 0.869X3; 2） For maleZ = -138.493 ＋1.082X1＋ 2. 524X3; W = -11.855＋0.955X2;3） For mixed Z=-133.939 ＋0.606X1＋0.679X2＋ 1.709X3; W = -9. 525 ＋ 0. 896 X2. Efficient scheme of multiple trait selection will be made if we obtain definite quantitative relationship between each two characters. This study provides theoretical evidence and perfect measure target for breeding of Japanese scallop.