山杏开发与利用研究进展

Progress of Exploitation and Utilization Research of Wild Apricot

在植物分类学上根据现代分子生物学的研究结果,将山杏定为杏属植物。全世界杏属共有10个种。我国山杏主要有野杏、西伯利亚杏、辽杏、藏杏、紫杏等9个种,目前国内外山杏的开发利用主要有山杏油、山杏蛋白、苦杏仁甙、山杏种皮黑色素和杏壳活性炭等产品,提出了我国山杏的综合开发利用要解决如下问题:①确定山杏在中国的资源分布状况和分布规律;②加大对山杏综合开发利用的研究,研究和开发新产品,进行深度加工;③对现有山杏加强管理,提高其产量;④选择优良新品种;⑤进行种质资源和遗传多样性分析。

It is clear that apricot is classified as Armeniaca. There are 10 species in the world, and 9 ones in China, such as A. vulgaris, A.sibirica, A. mandshuric, A. holosericea, A. dasycarpa etc. Comprehensive analysis were made on different exploitation and utilization of apricot such as kernel oil, almond proteins, amygdalins, seed capsule melanin and activated carbon at home and abroad. Suggestions were offered for apricot exploitation and utilization in China, like investigation on wild apricot resources and its regulation in China, strengthening research new product and deep processing, increasing yield by management, selecting improved varieties and analysis on germplasm and genetic diversity.