广州地区无偿献血者HPA-1—6,15基因分型及频率调查

Study of the genetic and polymorphism of human platelet antigens 1—6,15 in unrelated volunteer blood donors,Guangzhou

目的研究人类血小板基因多态性,为人类群体遗传学研究及临床输血实践提供重要数据和依据。方法通过PCR-SSP方法对广州地区706名无偿献血者的HPA1—6,15系统进行基因分型,并统计其频率。结果706份样本中HPA-3和-15基因型的杂合程度最高,其a/a、a/b、b/b的频率分别为HPA-3:0.2918、0.4830、0.2252;HPA-15:0.2691、0.5170、0.2139,不配合率较高,均达到35%以上。HPA-1、-2、-4、-5系统均以a/a纯合子为主,a基因的频率范围为0.9583—0.9993,且均未发现b/b纯合子。1b、4b的基因频率很低,分别为0.0028和0.0007。本地区的HPA-1a与中国北方、英国白人、美国黑人有统计学差异(P<0.05)。HPA-2与中国南方、北方、美国黑人和日本人有统计学差异(P<0.05);HPA-5与英国白人和美国黑人存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。HPA-6频率分别为0.9575,0.0397,0.0028。结论本研究对广州地区HPA献血员的筛查可为建立HPA供者库和对探讨由HPA引起的免疫性疾病的预防和治疗提供相关数据和研究手段。

Objective To study the polymorphism of human platelet antigens among unrelated Guangzhou Blood donors with PCR-SSP, in order to provide basic data for population studies and clinical transfusion practice. Methods Blood samples from 706 unrelated Blood donors in Guangzhou were genotyped for each of the HPA1-6, 15 systems by PCR-SSP. Gene frequencies and genotype frequencies were analyzed by statistical methods. Results HPA-3 and-15 had the greatest heterozygosity with a gene frequency of 0. 2918, 0. 4830, 0. 2252 for HPA-3a/a, HPA-3a/b, HPA-3b/b, and 0. 2691, 0. 5170, 0. 2139 for HPA-15a/a, HPA-15a/b, HPA-15b/b. The a/a homozygosity was predominant in HPA-1, -2, -4, - 5, with a frequency ranged from 0. 9583 to 0. 9993, while HPA b/b was not found among them. The frequency of HPA-1b and HPA-4b was very low, which was 0. 0028 and 0. 0007, respectively. In our study, HPA-1 frequency was significantly different from that of the north Chinese, English, and American Indian （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; HPA-2 frequency was significantly different from that of the south and north Chinese, American Indian, and Japanese （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; HPA-5 frequency was significantly different from that of the English and American Indian （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. C.ene frequency of HPA-6 were 0. 9575, 0. 0397 and 0. 0028. Conclusion This study provides basic data for the establishment of HPA Blood donor hanks in Guangzhou area and the prevention and clinical treatment of HPA-caused diseases. Otherwise, the first domestic analysis of HPA-6 gene frequency was reported in our study.