真菌毒素生物防治研究进展

Research Progress on Biological Control of Mycotoxin Contamination

真菌毒素是一类由丝状真菌在适宜的条件下产生的有毒次级代谢产物,可在作物收获前和贮藏期间广泛污染油料作物、禾谷类作物、豆类作物、坚果类及其加工品,不仅导致产量降低、品质下降,而且对人类和动物的健康也造成严重危害。评述了主要真菌毒素的种类、危害、限量及其生物防治研究现状,介绍了黄曲霉毒素和镰刀菌毒素生防微生物及活性物质的筛选新模型,提出了我国真菌毒素生物防治研究的政策与重点领域。

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi under appropriate conditions. They could contaminate the oil seeds, cereal grains, legume, nuts and their processed products during pre-harvest and post-harvest stage. Mycotoxin contamination can not only cause the yield loss and quality decrease of the crops, but also be dangerous to human beings and animals. This paper reviews the kinds, hazards, restriction limits of the main mycotoxins and the present status of studies on their biological control, introduces the new screening models for aflatoxin and fusarium-related mycotoxin, and puts forward policies for research on biological control of mycotoxins in China and key research areas.