生物活性滤池强化过滤去除饮用水中嗅味

Taste and odor removal for drinking water by enhanced filtration in biological rapid filter

为提高饮用水常规工艺对嗅味的去除效果,以深圳某水库水为原水,采用生物活性炭-石英砂为生物活性滤料,研究生物活性滤池强化常规过滤对嗅味去除的机理及运行特性.中试试验结果表明,生物活性滤池除嗅效果高于普通砂滤池,过滤周期内生物活性滤池的平均除嗅率可达到90%以上,反冲洗后运行初期破碎炭生物活性滤池对嗅味的去除效果高于柱状炭生物活性滤池,但由于生物量在破碎炭层的分布不均一,使得破碎炭生物活性滤池运行周期短.以柱状炭-石英砂生物活性滤池为研究对象,确定生物活性滤池除嗅的最佳工艺参数,采用炭层高度为600mm,气-水联合冲洗的反冲洗方式,空床停留时间为10min的工艺参数情况下,生物活性滤池对去除嗅味有较好的效果,且过滤周期长,运行状况稳定.

In order to improve the odor removal ability of the conventional treatment process, the reservoir water of Shenzhen was employed as the raw water. The biological rapid filter with the filter media of activated carbon and sand as the enhanced treatment process was studied. The pilot plant results showed that the odor removal efficiency of biological rapid filter process was better than that of sand filter with the average removal rate above 90% during a running period. The cracked carbon biological rapid filter had better removal efficiency of odor than that of the columned carbon during the beginning of the running period after the backwashing, but the operation time of the running period was shorter than that of the columned carbon because of the unequal distribution of the biomass on the cracked carbon surface of different layers. The optimum process parameters were determined and a long operation time and high treatment efficiency could be obtained in the conditions of the bed depth 600 mm, empty - bed contact time （EBCT） 10 min and air/water backwashing.