返回生活世界——晚年胡塞尔对欧洲危机的思考和克服

Return to the Life-world——Husserl's Reflection and Approach to the Crisis of Europe in his Later Years

欧洲危机问题是晚年胡塞尔思考的中心问题之一。这种危机并不是现实的政治危机,而是一种全方位的理论危机。它的根源在于近代科学对自然的数学化而产生的实证主义科学观。胡塞尔认为:这种科学观对人们的思维方式起到破坏作用,其最大的恶果是造成了对生活世界的遗忘。科学世界不过是为生活世界量身定制的一件"理念的外衣",但是现在却把这件外衣当作生活世界本身。生活世界是科学的基础,基础被遗忘了,科学也就陷入危机之中,这也是欧洲一切危机的总根源。所以克服危机的出路在于:返回生活世界。

The problem of the crisis of Europe was one of the core problems in Husserl＇s later years＇ thought. This crisis was however not the political crisis of the realism, but an all - dimensional theoretical crisis. Because the modern science started to be mathemtization of nature, thereby emerged an objective science of naturalism. Husserl thought it destroied the thinking mode, and tht worst result was the life - world is totally forgotten. In Husserl＇s opinion, the scientific world was at most a theoretical coat measured against life - world, it only functions as a decoration, while this coat was regarded as the world itself and thus leading to the forgetfulness of the life - world. It seemed to Husserl that the life - world was the basis of the science, without the basis, science would inevitably fall into crisis, this is also the total origin of the crisis of Europe. Accordingly. the only wav to survive and save the crisis is to return to the life -world.