中国港口建设与科技创新

Port construction and technology innovation in China

改革开放以来,伴随着国民经济的快速发展,我国的港口基础设施建设取得了跨越式发展,无论是数量上还是速度上,都创造了奇迹。我国港口泊位数量从1978年的700多个增加到2007年的3.5万多个,货物吞吐量从1978年的2.8亿t增加到2007年的64.1亿t,已经形成了布局合理、层次分明、功能齐全的港口运输体系。在此期间,我国在港口建设方面取得了一系列技术突破,包括港口发展规划、基础理论及模拟技术、工程勘察与勘测技术、港口建设技术标准、港口建设施工技术及港口运行维护技术等方面科技创新与应用,为我国港口的建设与发展注入了强劲发展动力。文章系统地总结了港口的建设成绩与港口技术的发展。

Our country＇s port infrastructure construction has got fast development and marvelous progress both in quantity and developing velocity in accordance with fast development of economic since 1978. The berth quantity of port has increased from 700 to 35 000. Cargo throughput has increased from 0.28 billion tons to 6.41 billion tons since 1978. The transport system of port with rational layout and clearcut stratification and complete function has become reality. We have got a series of breakthrough in port construction technology, such as plan of port, fundamental theory and simulation technology, engineering investigation and reconnaissance, design standard, construction technology and port operation and maintenance technology and so on, which made our port construction developed very fast. This paper summarizes achievement of port construction and technology development.