儿童β-内酰胺类抗生素不良反应179例分析

Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced byβ-lactam Antibiotics on 179 Pediatric Cases

目的:对本院儿科1994～2006年临床报告的179例儿童β-内酰胺类抗生素的不良反应(ADR)进行分析。方法:179例β-内酰胺类抗生素ADR,按照不良反应类别进行归纳、统计和分析。结果:同期儿科ADR临床报告共378例,其中β-内酰胺类抗生素占47.35%(179/378)。涉及青霉素类112例,占62.57%;头孢菌素类67例,占37。43%。共23种药物,其中阿莫西林+克拉维酸钾居首位41例,占22.91%。ADR涉及人体器官10个,其中皮肤粘膜损害146例,占81.56%。其严重程度,轻度23例(占12.85%),中度147例(占82.12%),重度9例(占5.03%)。结论:本次调查报告中,青霉素类ADR所占比例较高,其中阿莫西林+克拉维酸钾居首位;绝大多数涉及皮肤粘膜损害,ADR损害程度以中度为主,但还有些严重不良反应。

Objective： To analyze the adverse drug reaction（ADR） induced by β-laetam antibiotics on 179 pediatric cases in our hospital from 1994 to 2006. Method： According to different kinds of ADR, 179 pediatric cases with ADR were summed up, counted and analyzed. Result： There were 378 pediatric cases with ADR in 1994 -2006, of those, β-lactam antibiotics accounted for 47.35%. One hundred and twelve cases involved in penieillins （62.57%） and 67 cases in cephalosporins （37.43%）. Twenty three kinds of drugs were involved. Among them, amoxieillin and elavulanate potassium （41cases） ranked first （22.91% ）. ADR involved in 10 organs/systems. One hundred and forty six cases involved in damage of skin and mucous membrane （81.56%）. With respect to the degree of severity, 23 cases were mild （ 12.85% ） , 147 cases were moderate （82.12%） , 9 cases were severe （5.03%）. Conclusion： Of the reported cases, the proportion of ADR of penicillins are higher, amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium ranks first. Moderate damage is frequently found, but there still exist some severe adverse reactions.