种植密度对超高产小麦豫麦49-198籽粒产量及品质的影响

Effect of the Ultra-high Planting Density of Wheat Variety Yumai 49-198 on Its Grain Yield and Quality

[目的]研究适播期下种植密度对超高产小麦豫麦49-198干物质积累、籽粒产量和品质的影响。[方法]选用豫麦49-198,设置3个种植密度处理,采用大区对比种植,测定其干物质和品质性状。[结果]结果表明,在就试种植密度范围内,花前干物质积累量随种植密度增加而提高,花后干物质积累量以中等种植密度的最大,其顺序为中密度>高密度>低密度;花后干物质积累量对籽粒产量的贡献随种植密度增加而增大;籽粒产量为中等种植密度的产量最高,低密度次之,高密度较低;籽粒品质随种植密度增加,蛋白质、湿面筋、沉降值和纤维含量下降,淀粉含量和籽粒硬度呈增加趋势。[结论]在适播条件下,适宜种植密度有利于实现小麦高产与优质,加强花后麦田管理对大群体下小麦增产尤为重要。

[ Objective ] The effect of the planting density of wheat variety-Yumai 49-198 under the condition of appropriate sowing date on the accumulation of dry matter, grain yield and quality was studied. [ Method ] Yumai 49-198 being seleeted as experimental variety, the dry matter and quality trait were determined based on the 3 treatments of planting density and the eompared experiment on a large planting area. [ Results ] The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter of the variety before its flowering stage was increased with the increment of planting density in the range of experimental planting density. After its flowering stage, the aeeumulation of the dry matter of Yumai 49-198 was the peak value in the middle planting density, which order was medium-density 〉 high-density 〉 low density. After its flowering stage, the contribution of the accumulation of dry matter to grain yield was increased with the increment of planting density. The Yumai 49-198 yield was the highest while the grain yield was medium-density; followed by low-density and the lowest from high-density. The grain quality such as protein, wet gluten, sedimentation and fiber improved with the increment of planting density. [ Conclusion ] The reasonable planting density was conducive to good-quality and high-yielding wheat in the appropriate condition and the management in the wheat field after the flowering stage was important in wheat production on a large population.