铁皮石斛高效设施栽培技术研究

Study on High-efficiently and Protected Cultivation for Dendrobium candidum

[目的]实现铁皮石斛的高效设施栽培。[方法]以铁皮石斛无菌试管苗为试材,当苗高5cm左右时,分别移栽到3种不同的栽培基质中,筛选出铁皮石斛的最适生长基质;以其最适生长基质为栽培基质,设置清水(CK)和营养液浇灌2个处理,研究营养液浇灌对铁皮石斛生长的影响。[结果]所设置的3种栽培基质都适合铁皮石斛生长,其中,以石灰岩碎石滤水层5 cm+锯末(杂木粗糙的锯末)8cm+活苔藓2 cm为基质时,铁皮石斛长势最好、产量最高;适当浓度的营养液浇灌可较大幅度地提高铁皮石斛的产量。[结论]该研究为铁皮石斛的高效设施栽培提供了参考。

[ Objective] The study was to realize high-efficiency and protected cultivation for Oendrobium candidum. [ Method] With aseptic tube seedlings of D. candidum as the tested material, when the seedlings were about 5 cm high, they were transplanted into 3 different matrixes, and then the optimum matrix which suitable for growth of D. candidum was screened out. After that, with its optimum growth matrix as culture matrix, 2 irrigation treatments with clear water （CK） and nutrient solution were set up to study the effect of nutrient solution on growth of D. candidum. [ Result] 3 matrixes were all suitable for growth of D. candidum, When the matrix was the water filtering layer of crushed limestone 5 cm ＋ sawdust （rough sawdust from miscellaneous trees） 8 cm ＋ living lichen, the growth vigor of D. candidum was the best, and the yield of it was the highest. Irrigation treatments with suitable nutrient solution could greatly increase the yield of D. candidum. [ Conclusion ] The test provided the reference for high-efficiency and protected cultivation for D. candidum.