陶瓷样异种骨的制备及复合骨髓移植成骨的实验研究

PROCESSING OF CERAMICLIKE XENOGENEIC BONE AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ITS BONE FORMATION FROM COMPOSITE GRAFT COMBINED WITH BONE MARROW

为寻找理想的骨移植替代材料，将市售新鲜猪肋骨经物理、化学方法处理后，制得类似人骨的具有天然网状孔隙系统的陶瓷样异种骨（ＣＸＢ）。用ＣＸＢ与兔骨髓基质细胞体外混合培养；用ＣＸＢ与自体红骨髓（ＢＭ）复合移植于兔的骶棘肌内，经相差显微镜、组织学和扫描电镜观察。结果表明，ＣＸＢ对兔骨髓基质细胞的生长、附着及增殖无不良影响，显示了良好的组织相容性。ＣＸＢ加ＢＭ植入肌内后第２周开始成骨，并随时间而增加。至２４周时有明显的新骨形成，其新骨生成过程与羟基磷灰石（ＨＡ）加ＢＭ复合移植相似，但其降解快，形成典型的松质骨结构早，而单纯植入ＣＸＢ则无新骨形成。探讨了复合移植的成骨机理及临床意义。

Ceramiclike xenogeneic bone (CXB) was obtained from the fresh bone of pig ribs being treated by physical and chemical methods to deprive of its organic substance. The CXB possessed the same natural porous network system as that of the human. The CXB was cultured with the bone marrow stromal cells of rabit. When the marrow cells had integrated with the CXB, thus a new material was obtained. (CXB-BM), and was implanted sacrospinal muscle of rabbit. The specimens were observed under phase microscope, light microscope and electronic scanning microscope. The results showed that: at the 2nd week after the implantation of CBX-BM composite material there began the new bone formation, and the rate of bone formation was increased with time. There was evident new bone formation after 24 weeks. The process of the new bone formation were quite similar to the composite graft of HAP red autogenous and marrow, but the former degraded faster and formed typical cancellous structure earlier. There was no new bone formation when CXB was implanted alone in the control. Both the mechanism of osteogenetic potential and its clinical application were discussed.