哮喘大鼠动物模型的制备

Establishment of Asthmatic Model of Rats

本研究以卵蛋白作为过敏原，氢氧化铝及百日咳杆菌为佐剂免疫Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠１４天后，气道滴入卵蛋白一次激发制备了哮喘大鼠动物模型。测定了气道内压，肺灌流量，肺灌注量，肺泡灌洗液内细胞计数、分类计数；并观察了肺组织病理变化。结果表明哮喘大鼠，１．气道内压呈两度增加，首次增加出现在激发后４ｍｉｎ内，３０ｍｉｎ内降至激发前水平；第二次增加出现在激发２～４ｈ后。２．肺灌流量明显下降，肺灌注氨茶碱可使肺灌流量明显回升。３．病理可见支气管收缩征象及肺组织嗜酸细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞浸润。４．肺泡灌洗液中上述炎症细胞也增加。以上结果表明卵蛋白免疫２周后再经卵蛋白一次激发复制成功大鼠哮喘模型。

The rats were sensitized by subcutaneous injection of ovalbumin (OA),the aluminum hydroxide and heat killed Bordetella Pertussis were also gave as adjuvant.The sensitized rats were challenged by OA 14 days after sensitization.The intratracheal pressurd, amount of perfusate escaping from the lung surface (APEL), amount of perfusate,the cells in bronchoalveolarlavage (BAL) and the pathological change of lung were observed in the present study.The results showed that:1.OA challenge could induce biphasic bronchoconstriction in OA sensitized rats.The 1st peak appeared within 4 min and the 2nd peak appearance varied from 2 to 4 hours after OA challenged.2.APEL decreased significantly in OA challenged rats compared with those of normal and sensitized controls,and it increased significantly after the aminoplline perfusate compared with that of before administration of aminophlline.But no effect of aminophlline was found in normal and sensitized control rats.3.The pathological finding of lung were epithelium shedding,bronchial constriction, bronchial and pulmonary vascular edema and mucous hypersecretion. At the same time,the inflammatory cells,which included eosinophils,neutrophils,lymphocytes and macrophages,were also found in the airway and airway lumen of asthmatic rats.4.The neutrophils,lymphocytes,eosinophils and macrophages, were also foun in BAL of asthmatic rats.All above results showed that the animal model of asthma was successfully established in rats by OA sensitization and the followed OA challenge.