狗、羊、猪、兔冠状动脉心肌桥的解剖学研究

MYOCARDIAI BRIDEGS ON CORONARY ARTERY IN DOG, SHEEP, PIG AND RABBIT

目的:为心肌桥比较解剖学积累资料.并为研究心肌桥选择动物提供依据.方法:选用成年拘、羊、猪、兔心脏观察测量.结果:兔冠状动脉全程位于心肌肉.狗、羊、猪心肌桥出现率分别为60.8%,90.1%和42.4%.狗、羊心肌桥位于左冠状动脉者占各自肌桥数的87.8%和95.6%.狗心肌桥位于前室间支为73.3%;羊心肌桥位于左冠状动脉主干占48.2%.猪心肌桥位于右冠状动脉占69.4%,其中位于后室间支为63.9%.狗、羊、猪心肌桥宽分别为7.6±5.1mm、18.0±7.7mm和14.9±10.4mm;厚分别为0.4±0.2mm、0.8±0.6mm和1.1±0.6mm;肌桥与冠脉间夹角分别为85.4±24.1°、62.8±21.3°和44.2±20.0°.结论:几种动物心肌桥存在明显差异.狗心肌桥出现率、部位等与人相似.可做为研究心肌桥的实验动物.

In order to collect the data for comparative anatomy of myocardial bridges and provide a basis for the selection of animals in studying myocardial bridges. Methods : Myocardial bridges (MBs) on the coronary artery were observed and compared (CA) in dog. sheep, pig and rabbit. Results: The CA in rabbit was entirely embedded in the myocardium. The occurrence of MBs was 60. 8%, 90. 1% and 42. 4% respectively in dog, sheep and pig. MBs located on the left CA were 87. 8% in dog and 95. 6% in sheep. MBs located on the anterior interventricular branches were 73. 3% in dog. MBs located on the main trunk of the left CA were 48. 2% in sheep; MBs located on the right CA were 69. 4% in pig. most of them located on the posterior interventricular branches (63. 9%). The width of the MB was 7. 6±5. 1 mm. 18. 0±7. 7 mm and 14. 9±10. 4 mm respectively in dog, sheep and pig. The thickness of MB was 0.4±0. 2 mm, 0. 8±0. 6 mm and 1. 1±0. 6 mm in dog, sheep and dog. The angle between MB and CA was 85. 4±24.1°62. 8±21. 3°and 44. 2±20. 0°in dog. sheep and pig. Conclusions: The occurrence of MB varies in different animals. The occurrence and the position of MB in dog are similar to those of humans. Therefore dogs can be used as an experiment animal in studying myocardial bridge.