论《韵法直图》的语音性质

On the phonological nature of Yunfa Zhitu (韵法直图)

本文通过对《韵法直图》与其蓝本《切韵经纬图》的比较,指出《韵法直图》音系特征的杂糅性与复杂性,是由于梅膺祚依据《韵法横图》对《切韵经纬图》音节代表字改动所致。文章对改动的主要内容与原因进行了分析,对《韵法直图》语音基础与性质进行了讨论。文章指出,《韵法直图》是在其蓝本《切韵经纬图》反映明代中州官话音("汉音")的基础上,依据《韵法横图》改动音节代表字,而形成的一部音系特征杂糅,既反映了中州官话实际语音,又具有"折中南北古今的色彩"的韵书。最后进一步对《韵法横图》改动《切韵射标》的内容,以及这些内容的改动与《韵法直图》对《切韵经纬图》内容改动的关系进行了简单论述。

Comparing Qiezi Jieyao (切字捷要)and Yunfa Hengtu (韵法横图), the paper finds that the phonological frame of Yunfa Zhitu is based on Qieyun Jingweitu (切韵经纬图), the rhyme tables of Qiezi Jieyao, but the contents has been changed in light of Yunfa Hengtu. This finding can also explain why Yunfa Zhitu is viewed as a rhyme book not only reflecting the phonological features of Mandarin of Ming dynasty, but also mixing the features of middle Chinese and other dialects.