社会支持程度对医科大学生自我效能感、考试焦虑及解剖学习成绩的影响

The Influence of Different Levels of Social Supports on Feeling of Self-efficiency,Test Anxiety and Performance of Anatomy in Medical Students

目的探讨不同社会支持程度对医科大学生自我效能感、考试焦虑及解剖学习成绩的影响。方法对226名医科大学生进行社会支持量表、一般自我效能感量表、Sarason考试焦虑量表的测评。以社会支持评分为分组依据,社会支持总分<35分为低社会支持组(低分组),>45分为高社会支持组(高分组),进行各量表得分及解剖学习成绩的比较。结果社会支持高分组医科大学生GSES评分([29.67±6.57)分]及解剖学习成绩([78.56±15.74)分],显著高于低分组([20.47±4.21)分;(67.71±13.92)分];而TAS评分则显著低于低分组,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。社会支持高分组医科大学生自我效能感好者显著多于低分组,而自我效能感差者则显著少于低分组;高、中、低度焦虑的发生率两者也有显著性差异;社会支持高分组医科大学生解剖成绩优秀率显著高于低分组,差异有显著性(P<0.05或P<0.01)。相关分析显示,社会支持总分及各因子评分与GSES评分、解剖成绩呈显著正相关,而与TAS评分呈显著负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论医科大学生社会支持程度高者,其自我效能感、解剖学习成绩较高,而考试焦虑程度较低,应采取措施提高医科大学生社会支持程度。

Objective To explore the influence of social support on feeling of self-efficiency, test-anxiety and performance of anatomy in medical students. Methods 226 medical students were detected by social support rating scale （SSRS）, general self-effciency scale（GSES）, Sarasons＇test anxiety scale（TAS）, the subjects were divided into two groups according to the scores of Social support,the subjects who scored less than 35 were divided into low social support group （low score group）, and who socred more than 45 were divided into high social support group（high score group）,compare the scores of scales and the performances of anatomy. Results The score of GSES（29.67 ± 6.57） and the performances of anatomy（78.56±15.74） in high social support group was significantly higher than that of low score group（20.47± 4.21,67.71±13.92）;but the score of TAS was lower than that of low score group,the difference between the two groups was significant（P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with low score group,there were more students of good self-efficiency in high social support group; there was also a significant difference between the two groups in the incidence rate of high, medium and low levels of anxiety; the performance of anatomy in high social support group was much higher than that of in low score group,the difference between the two group was significant（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. Correlated analysis study indicate that,there was a positive correlation between total score of social support, score of each factor and score of GESE,performance of anatomy; but there was a negative correlation with score of TAS（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion. Medical students who with high social support have good feelings of serf-efficiency and get high scores in anatomy, and with low levels of anxiety, so measures must be took to improve the social support of medical students.