护士标准预防行为依从性及其影响因素分析

Nurses\ compliance with standard precaution and influential factors

目的了解护士实施标准预防措施的现状,分析影响护士标准预防行为依从性的相关因素。方法采用分层随机按比例抽样方法,用一般资料问卷、标准预防知识问卷、标准预防健康信念问卷、标准预防行为依从性问卷和一般自我效能量表对500名注册护士进行调查。结果共回收有效问卷444份。护士标准预防各项目依从性得分为51.73±12.62,得分率为64.66%;影响因素按照影响作用的强度依次为感知到的行动障碍,行动线索,标准预防知识培训,感知疾病的严重性,标准预防的知识水平,所在医院的等级,科室是否配备锐器收集盒,一般自我效能水平,接触暴露的经历和个体所在的科室等,复相关系数R= 0.598,R^2=0.357。结论护士标准预防行为依从性较低,影响因素为多方面,有待从各方面努力提高护士标准预防行为的依从性。

Objective To evaluate compliance with standard precaution among registered nurses and investigate the related factors. Methods It was a cross-sectional study with samples of 500 registered nurses. Five instruments were used to collect information of subjects＇ demographic characteristics,knowledge,health belief about standard precaution,general self-efficacy and compliance with standard precaution. Results Totally 444 valid questionnaires were collected. The average score of compliance with standard precaution among registered nurses was 51.73±12.62 , and score ratio was 64.66%. According to multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, ten factors such as grade of hospital, training,department,sharp utensil collector,knowledge, health beliefs about standard precaution, perceived barrier and clue of action, severity of occupational infection ,general self-efficacy and contact exposed experience, were the predict factors of compliance with standard precaution among nurses,explaining 35.7% of the change. Conclusion The compliance with standard precaution among registered nurses was low. More attention should be paid to increasing nurses＇ compliance with standard precaution.