授粉品种对砀山酥梨坐果及果实萼片宿存的影响

Effect of Pollinator on Fruit Set and Sepal Persistence in Dangshansu Pear

为明确砀山酥梨较高的坐果花朵序位和脱萼率高的授粉品种,以12个不同梨品种为授粉品种,通过田间试验,研究了不同品种授粉对砀山酥梨不同花朵序位坐果率、花萼宿存的影响。试验结果表明:不同序位花朵以第3序位坐果率最高;不同方位花朵坐果率无显著差异。不同授粉品种试验结果,红酥脆授粉坐果率最高,达70.30%;紫酥授粉坐果率最低,为25.24%,不同品种授粉坐果率差异达显著水平。不同品种授粉,果实脱萼率以新世纪为最高,黄冠次之,茌梨最低。该试验结果为砀山酥梨优质高效生产提供了技术依据。

To definitude the flower with higher fruit set and suitable pollinator for Dangshansu pear with higher rate of fruit without sepal, the effect of pollinator on the fruit set of different flower in an inflorescence and sepal persistence were studied by field experiment with 12 pollinators. The results showed that the fruit set was the highest at the third flower in an inflorescence and there was no significant difference in different orientation. The highest rate of fruit set was obtained by pollination with Hongsucui, 70.3% and the lowest was with Zisu, only 25.24% and there was significant difference between different pollinators. Shinseiki was the best pollinator for the high rate of fruit without sepal, then was Huangguan, and Chili was lowest. The experiment had provided technologic basis for Dangshansu pear production with high efficiency and quality.